Nigute ushobora gukoresha ikirere neza mumashini yo gusudira laser

Ingano yo gusabaimashini yo gusudirairagenda iba myinshi, ariko ibisabwa nabyo biragenda byiyongera.Mugihe cyo gusudira, gukingira gaze bigomba guhuha kugirango ingaruka zo gusudira zibicuruzwa ari nziza.Nigute ushobora gukoresha umuyaga neza muburyo bwo gusudira ibyuma bya laser?

Mu gusudira lazeri, gazi ikingira igira ingaruka kumiterere yo gusudira, ubwiza bwa weld, kwinjirira no kwaguka, nibindi. Kenshi na kenshi, guhuha gazi ikingira bizagira ingaruka nziza kuri weld, ariko birashobora no kugira ingaruka mbi iyo bikoreshejwe nabi.

Ingaruka nziza yo gukingira gaze kuriimashini yo gusudira:

1. Guhuha neza gazi ikingira irashobora kurinda neza pisine yo gusudira kugirango igabanye okiside, cyangwa irinde kuba okiside.
2. Irashobora kugabanya neza spatter yakozwe mugikorwa cyo gusudira, kandi ikagira uruhare mukurinda indorerwamo yibanda cyangwa indorerwamo ikingira.
3. Irashobora guteza imbere ikwirakwizwa rya pisine isudutse iyo ikomera, kuburyo gusudira ari kimwe kandi cyiza.
4. Irashobora kugabanya neza imyenge yo gusudira.
Igihe cyose ubwoko bwa gaze, umuvuduko wa gazi nuburyo bwo guhuha byatoranijwe neza, ingaruka nziza irashobora kuboneka.Ariko, gukoresha nabi gazi ikingira birashobora kandi kugira ingaruka mbi kubudozi.

Ingaruka mbi zo gukoresha nabi gazi ikingira gusudira:

1. Kwinjiza nabi gazi ikingira bishobora kuvamo gusudira nabi.
2. Guhitamo ubwoko bwa gaze butari bwo bishobora gutera gucika muri weld kandi birashobora no kugabanya imiterere yubukanishi bwa weld.
3. Guhitamo gazi itariyo ihindagurika irashobora gutuma habaho okiside ikomeye ya weld (niba umuvuduko mwinshi ari munini cyane cyangwa muto cyane), cyangwa birashobora no gutuma icyuma cya pisine gisudira gihungabanywa cyane nimbaraga zo hanze, bigatera u gusudira gusenyuka cyangwa gukora kimwe.
4. Guhitamo uburyo bwo guhumeka gaze nabi bizatera gusudira kunanirwa kugeraho cyangwa no kutagira ingaruka zo gukingira cyangwa bigira ingaruka mbi kumiterere ya weld.

Ubwoko bwa gaze ikingira:

Bikunze gukoreshwagusudiragukingira imyuka ni N2, Ar, He, kandi imiterere yumubiri na chimique iratandukanye, ingaruka rero kuri weld nayo iratandukanye.

Argon

Ingufu za ionisation ya Ar ni nkeya, kandi urwego rwa ionisiyoneri munsi ya lazeri ruri hejuru cyane, ntabwo rufasha kugenzura imiterere yibicu bya plasma, kandi bizagira ingaruka runaka kumikoreshereze myiza ya laser.Nyamara, ibikorwa bya Ar ni bike cyane, kandi biragoye kubyitwaramo muburyo bwa metani.reaction, kandi ikiguzi cya Ar ntabwo kiri hejuru.Byongeye kandi, ubucucike bwa Ar ni bunini, bufasha kurohama hejuru ya pisine isudira, ishobora kurushaho kurinda ikidendezi cyo gusudira, bityo gishobora gukoreshwa nka gaze isanzwe ikingira.

Azote N2

Ingufu za ionisation ya N2 iringaniye, iruta iya Ar, kandi munsi ya He.Mubikorwa bya laser, impamyabumenyi ya ionisiyoneri ni impuzandengo, ishobora kugabanya neza imiterere yibicu bya plasma, bityo bikongerera gukoresha neza laser.Azote irashobora kwifashisha imiti ya aluminiyumu hamwe nicyuma cya karubone ku bushyuhe runaka kugirango itange nitride, izongera ubukana bwa weld kandi igabanye ubukana, bizagira ingaruka mbi cyane kumiterere yubukanishi bwurugingo, bityo rero ntibisabwa gukoresha azote.Aluminium alloy hamwe nicyuma cya karubone birinzwe.Nitride ikorwa nubushakashatsi bwa chimique hagati ya azote nicyuma kitagira umwanda birashobora kongera imbaraga zingingo zogosha, bizafasha kunoza imiterere yubukorikori, bityo azote irashobora gukoreshwa nka gaze ikingira mugihe cyo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umwanda.

Helium He

Afite ingufu nyinshi za ionisiyoneri, kandi impamyabumenyi ya ionisiyasi iri hasi cyane mugikorwa cya laser, ishobora kugenzura neza imiterere yibicu bya plasma.Nicyuma cyiza gisudira gaze, ariko ikiguzi cya He ni kinini cyane.Mubisanzwe, iyi gaze ntabwo ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byakozwe cyane.Mubisanzwe akoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi cyangwa ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro kanini cyane.
Hano hari uburyo bubiri busanzwe bwo kuvuza gaz: gukubita uruhande-shaft no guhuha coaxial

Igishushanyo 1: Gukubita uruhande

Igishushanyo 2: Gukubita Coaxial

Nigute ushobora guhitamo uburyo bubiri bwo kuvuza ni ukuzirikana kwuzuye.Mubisanzwe, birasabwa gukoresha uruhande ruhuha uburyo bwo kurinda gaz.

Ihame ryo guhitamo uburyo bwo gukingira gaz uburyo: nibyiza gukoresha paraxial kumurongo ugororotse, hamwe na coaxial kubishushanyo bifunze indege.

Mbere ya byose, bigomba kumvikana neza ko ibyo bita "okiside" ya weld ari izina risanzwe.Mubyigisho, bivuze ko gusudira byatewe muburyo bwa chimique hamwe nibintu byangiza mukirere, bikaviramo kwangirika kwubwiza bwa weld.Birasanzwe ko icyuma gisudira kiri ku bushyuhe runaka.Ifata imiti hamwe na ogisijeni, azote, hydrogen, nibindi mwikirere.

Kurinda gusudira "okiside" ni ukugabanya cyangwa gukumira ibintu nkibi byangiza guhura nicyuma gisudira mubushyuhe bwinshi, ntabwo ari icyuma cya pisine cyashongeshejwe gusa, ariko kuva igihe icyuma gisudira gishonga kugeza icyuzi cya pisine gikomera n'ubushyuhe bwayo bugabanuka munsi yubushyuhe runaka mugihe cyigihe.

Kurugero, gusudira kwa titanium birashobora kwinjiza vuba hydrogène mugihe ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 300 ° C, ogisijeni irashobora kwinjizwa vuba mugihe ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 450 ° C, na azote irashobora kwinjizwa vuba mugihe iri hejuru ya 600 ° C, bityo titanium alloy weld irakomeye kandi ubushyuhe buragabanuka kugera kuri 300 ° C Ibyiciro bikurikira bigomba kurindwa neza, bitabaye ibyo bizaba "okiside".

Ntabwo bigoye kumva duhereye kubisobanuro byavuzwe haruguru ko gazi ikingira ikingira idakeneye gusa kurinda ikidendezi cyo gusudira mugihe gikwiye, ahubwo igomba no kurinda agace kamaze gukomera kamaze gusudwa, kuburyo muri rusange uruhande rwuruhande yerekanwe ku gishushanyo 1 gikoreshwa.Hisha gaze ikingira, kubera ko uburyo bwo kurinda ubu buryo bwagutse kuruta ubwo buryo bwo kurinda coaxial ku gishushanyo cya 2, cyane cyane agace kegeranijwe kamaze gukomera gafite uburinzi bwiza.

Kubikorwa bya injeniyeri, ntabwo ibicuruzwa byose bishobora gukoresha uruhande rwa shaft kuruhande ruhumeka gaze ikingira.Kubicuruzwa bimwe byihariye, hashobora gukoreshwa gaze yo gukingira coaxial yonyine, igomba gukorerwa muburyo bwibicuruzwa no muburyo bumwe.Guhitamo.

Guhitamo uburyo bwihariye bwo gukingira gaz:

1. Gusudira neza
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3, imiterere yikintu cyo gusudira cyibicuruzwa ni umurongo ugororotse, kandi ifatanyirizo hamwe ni ikibuno, igitereko cyizengurutse, imfuruka yimbere yimbere cyangwa umugozi usudira.Nibyiza guhumeka gaze ikingira kuruhande.

Igishushanyo 3: Welds

2. Flat ifunze ibishushanyo mbonera
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4, imiterere yikidodo cyibicuruzwa ni imiterere ifunze nkumuzingi windege, polygon yindege, numurongo wumurongo wibice byinshi.Nibyiza gukoresha uburyo bwa gazi ya coaxial ikingira ishusho ya 2.

Igishushanyo 4: Flat Ifunze Igishushanyo

Guhitamo gazi ikingira bigira ingaruka itaziguye ubwiza, imikorere nigiciro cyumusaruro wo gusudira.Nyamara, kubera ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gusudira, guhitamo gaze yo gusudira nabyo biragoye mubikorwa byo gusudira.Birakenewe gusuzuma byimazeyo ibikoresho byo gusudira, uburyo bwo gusudira, hamwe nu mwanya wo gusudira.Nka nkenerwa isabwa yo gusudira, gusa binyuze mu kizamini cyo gusudira hashobora gutorwa gaze nziza yo gusudira kugirango igere kubisubizo byiza byo gusudira.